Vietnam battles rising chronic diseases with nutrition as a key weapon

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rising sharply in Vietnam due to an ageing population and lifestyle habits. These conditions now account for around 80% of deaths in the country, mirroring a global trend where NCDs cause 74% of fatalities. Nutrition is emerging as a powerful tool to tackle this growing health burden. Vietnam faces a double challenge with child stunting near 15% and rising obesity rates, especially among the young. Poor diets and lifestyle choices are key drivers of chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease.

Research shows clear benefits from better eating habits. Consuming up to 800 grams of fruit and vegetables daily can cut cardiovascular disease risk by 20-32%. Whole grain intake is linked to a 30% lower chance of developing type 2 diabetes. Soybeans, in particular, offer a complete plant protein with all nine essential amino acids, along with isoflavones and unsaturated fats that support heart and metabolic health.

Modern nutrition science now emphasises food quality, long-term health, and sustainable food systems. International guidelines recommend increasing plant protein intake to lower chronic disease risk. Vietnam’s new Law on Disease Prevention, effective from 1 July 2026, reflects this shift by prioritising prevention over treatment. The new law signals a major change in Vietnam’s approach to healthcare. Better nutrition, including higher plant protein consumption, could significantly reduce NCD rates. These measures aim to improve public health and ease the strain on the healthcare system.