Sri Lanka's antibiotic crisis deepens as broad-spectrum drug use surges

A five-year study on antibiotic use in a Northern Sri Lankan hospital has uncovered worrying trends. Published in BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology in 2026, the research highlights rising consumption of broad-spectrum drugs, including last-resort carbapenems. The investigation tracked systemic antibiotic use in a tertiary care hospital from 2021 to 2026. It revealed clear seasonal spikes, often matching peaks in respiratory infections and hospital admissions. Over time, the overall use of broad-spectrum antibiotics climbed steadily.

Carbapenem consumption, reserved for the most resistant infections, also rose significantly. The authors linked this to economic strains, such as longer hospital stays and greater reliance on higher-generation drugs. They warned that without action, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) could worsen in vulnerable regions.

To address the issue, the study calls for stronger antimicrobial stewardship programs in Sri Lankan hospitals. It also urges global surveillance of antibiotic use, paired with resistance tracking to spot emerging threats early. Improved laboratory diagnostics were recommended to reduce unnecessary broad-spectrum prescriptions.

Public education is another key focus. The researchers stressed the need for outreach programs to teach patients and caregivers about the risks of misusing antibiotics. The findings underline the urgent need for better monitoring and control of antibiotic use. Implementing stewardship programs and diagnostic upgrades could help curb resistance. The study serves as a call to action for hospitals in Sri Lanka and similar settings worldwide.