Expert travel health tips to avoid illness and stay safe abroad

Travellers are being urged to prepare for health risks well in advance of their trips. Experts recommend starting arrangements at least four to eight weeks before departure to ensure proper protection. Vaccination remains the most effective way to guard against serious diseases while abroad. A basic travel medical kit should always be packed. It must include adsorbents, rehydration solutions, pain relievers, antipyretics, antiseptics, antihistamines, and insect repellents with DEET or icaridin. These items help manage common travel-related illnesses and prevent insect bites.

In areas with high malaria risk, doctors may prescribe chemoprophylaxis. This involves taking antimalarial medication before, during, and after the trip. Additional vaccines, such as those for hepatitis A and B, typhoid fever, meningococcal infection, Japanese encephalitis, and rabies, may also be advised depending on the destination.

Some countries in Africa and South America require proof of yellow fever vaccination for entry. Travellers must carry an international certificate to meet this requirement. Tap water in many places is unsafe due to microbial contamination, so only factory-sealed bottled water should be consumed.

Mosquitoes, midges, and ticks can spread diseases like malaria, dengue fever, Zika virus, and leishmaniasis. Travellers should use repellents and wear long sleeves and trousers to reduce exposure. Those on long-term medication must bring enough for the entire trip, plus extra, along with a doctor’s prescription in English or Latin. After returning home, any unusual symptoms like fever, diarrhoea, or rash need prompt medical attention. Travellers must inform their doctor about recent trips to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment. Proper preparation and awareness help minimise health risks during and after travel.