Sugar's Hidden Power: Why It May Be as Addictive as Cocaine

Sugar may be as addictive as some drugs, with studies showing it triggers similar brain responses. Experts warn that its widespread availability and social acceptance make it a particularly hard habit to break. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter tied to the brain’s reward system, plays a central role in addictive behaviour. Eating sugar releases dopamine and opioids, creating a cycle of craving and consumption. As people eat more sugar, their brains adapt by producing less dopamine, pushing them to seek even more.

A 2008 Princeton study found rats developed sugar dependence, showing bingeing, cravings, and withdrawal—behaviours mirroring drug addiction. Further research revealed Oreos activated more neurons in rats’ pleasure centres than cocaine did. Nutritionist Cassie Bjork claims sugar can be even more addictive than cocaine itself.

Health authorities have set guidelines to limit sugar intake. The World Health Organization initially advised keeping free sugars below 10 percent of daily calories. In 2015, it tightened this to under 5 percent, or roughly six teaspoons. Similarly, US dietary guidelines from 2015 to 2020 recommended capping added sugars at 10 percent of daily calories. Despite this, the average American still gets 14 percent of their calories from added sugars. Sugar’s addictive qualities stem from its effect on brain chemistry and its constant presence in modern diets. With consumption exceeding recommended limits, health organisations continue to stress the need for reduction. The substance’s accessibility and cultural acceptance make cutting back a persistent challenge.