Breakthrough injection could regrow cartilage and halt arthritis progression

Researchers at Stanford Medicine have developed a new injection that could regrow cartilage and prevent arthritis. The treatment targets a protein linked to ageing and muscle decline. Early tests on mice show promising results for joint health and recovery after injuries.

The injection works by blocking a protein called 15-PGDH, which becomes more active with age. In older mice, this protein weakens muscle stem cells and reduces cartilage quality. By suppressing it, the treatment thickens knee cartilage and encourages cells to produce functional tissue.

Tests revealed another key benefit: the injection may lower the risk of osteoarthritis in mice with previous ACL injuries. Interestingly, blocking 15-PGDH also boosted muscle mass and endurance in aged mice. However, in young, healthy mice, it had the opposite effect, causing muscle shrinkage.

Beyond injections, researchers have already completed successful Phase 1 trials for an oral version of the 15-PGDH inhibitor. These focused on improving muscle weakness. Further clinical studies are now planned to explore the treatment's potential for cartilage regeneration in humans.

The findings suggest a new way to repair damaged cartilage and delay arthritis. With ongoing trials, scientists aim to confirm whether the approach works as effectively in people as it does in mice. If successful, it could offer a much-needed solution for age-related joint problems.